Derma 2018 at Philippines

A Guide to Taking Care of Skin

By Derma2018

We may suspect that we have dry, oily, or sensitive skin, but do we really know our skin type? Knowing our true skin type can help the next time we are in the cosmetics aisle. In fact, using the wrong products — or even popularized Internet hacks — for our skin type could worsen acne, dryness, or other skin problems.

Building a daily skin care routine

·        For all skin types

·        DIY hacks to avoid

·        Avoid these DIY hacks

·        Acne

·        Sebaceous filaments

No matter what your skin type is, a daily skin care routine can help you maintain overall skin health and improve specific concerns like acne, scarring, and dark spots. A daily skin care routine has four basic steps you can do once in the morning and once before you sleep.

1.     Cleansing: Choose a cleanser that doesn’t leave your skin tight after washing. Clean your face no more than twice a day, or just once, if you have dry skin and don’t wear makeup. Avoid washing for that squeaky-clean feeling because that means your skin’s natural oils are gone. Cleansers known to work well for all skin types include Cetaphil and Banila Clean It Zero Sherbet Cleanser.

2.     Serums: A serum with vitamin C or growth factors or peptides would be better in the morning, under sunscreen. At night, retinol or prescription retinoids work best. Makeup Artist’s Choice has an effective vitamin C and E serum and retinol available.

3.     Moisturizer: Even oily skin needs moisturizer, but use one that is lightweight, gel-based, and non-comedogenic, or doesn’t block your pores, like CeraVe’s facial lotion. Dry skin may benefit from more cream-based moisturizers like MISSHA Super Aqua Cell Renew Snail Cream. Most brands will label their products as gel or cream on their packaging.

4. Sunscreen: Apply sunscreen with at least 30 SPF 15 minutes before heading outdoors, as it takes a while for sunscreen to activate. Darker skin tones actually need more sun protection because hyperpigmentation is harder to correct. Try EltaMD’s sunscreen, which offers broad-spectrum UVA/UVB protection and is recommended by the Skin Cancer Foundation.

Choose products that fit skin type and sensitivity, and remember to read the labels. Some products, such as retinol or prescription retinoids, should only be applied at night.

·         Stay hydrated.

·         Change pillow cases at least once a week.

·         Wash or wrap up hair before bed.

·         Wear sunscreen every day and apply 15 minutes before going out.

Start with a basic and simple routine to see how your skin reacts. Once  comfortable, add extra products such as exfoliants, masks, and spot treatments to boost  skin’s health.

To patch test a new product:

1.     Apply a small amount of product on your skin in a discreet area, such as the inside of your wrist or your inner arm.

2.     Wait 48 hours to see if there’s a reaction.

3.     Check the area at 96 hours after application to see if have a delayed reaction.

An allergic reaction may include irritation, redness, small bumps, or itchiness. If you notice these symptoms, wash the area you tested with water and a gentle cleanser. Then return the product and try another that better suits your skin type.

People report wonders from using DIY hacks like lemon juice and toothpaste for common skin problems like acne bumps and dark spots.

Even award-winning actress Emma Stone claims her skin care secret is baking soda. But the truth is these hacks may cause more long-term harm than benefit because they can damage your skin’s barrier.

·         Lemon juice: It may have citric acidic, but it’s far too acidic and can cause dark spots to appear after sun exposure. It can also dry and irritate your skin.

·         Baking soda: At a pH level of 8, baking soda will stress your skin, significantly decrease your skin’s water content, and cause dry skin.

·         Garlic: In raw form, garlic can cause skin allergies, eczema, skin inflammation, and watery blisters.

·         Toothpaste: The ingredients in toothpaste may kill germs and absorb oil, but they can also dry out or irritate your skin.

·         Sugar: As an exfoliant, sugar is too harsh for the skin on your face.

·         Vitamin E: Topical application of vitamin E can irritate your skin and is not proven to improve scar appearance.

Some of these ingredients may be all natural and cost-effective, but they aren’t formulated for your skin. Even if you don’t feel immediate side effects, these ingredients can cause delayed or long-term damage. It’s best to use products formulated for your face. Talk to your doctor or dermatologist before trying DIY applications on your skin.

How to treat skin problems

There are ways to tackle skin problems without damaging your skin. Just remember the number one rule of skin care: Don’t pick! Picking at acne, blackheads, scabs, or other skin problems can cause open wounds or darker skin spots known as hyperpigmentation. Open wounds can lead to infections, more acne, or scars. The deeper the wound, the more likely your skin will scar.

Here are some scientifically backed ways to treat problem areas.

Acne treatment depends on how deep or serious your acne is. Overall skin care is the most important step in treating acne, but for mild acne you can use non-prescription products from your local drugstore such as:

·         salicylic acid

·         benzoyl peroxide

·         alpha hydroxy acids

·         adapalene

·         tea tree oil

Always apply sunscreen after using these products in the morning, since they can cause extra skin sensitivity.

For immediate, inflamed, and individual pimples, you can also try acne patches or stickers. These are clear, thick patches that work as spot treatments to help promote blemish healing and prevent infections. Like blister bandages, acne patches pull out the fluid, sometimes overnight. It’s best to use these before you sleep as makeup can’t cover them.

Sebaceous filaments are tiny, cylinder-like tubes in your pores that are whitish yellow. These are often confused with blackheads, but blackheads are actually a type of acne that’s oxidized. Sebaceous filaments can make your pores look bigger, and you may be tempted to remove them by pinching your skin or using pore strips. But these methods may have more side effects than benefits for your skin, especially if you don’t do them properly.

Overtime, you can also cause:

·         irritation

·         open pores and infection

·         dryness

·         redness

·         peeling

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Derma 2018

Acne Treatment: Types, Side Effects, and More

By Derma 2018

Lifestyle changes | Topical drugs | Oral drugs | Medical procedures | During pregnancy | Side effects | Takeaway

Acne and you

Acne results from plugged hair follicles. Oil, dirt, and dead skin cells on the surface of your skin clog your pores and create pimples or small, localized infections. Treatments work to clear away bacteria and dry up the excess oils that lead to acne. Different acne treatments include lifestyle remedies, topical medication, oral medication, and medical procedures.

The treatment that’s right for you depends on your individual condition. If you have mild to moderate acne, such as whiteheads or blackheads, your treatment should be relatively easy. However, if you have cystic or inflammatory acne, your treatment may be more challenging. Cystic acne is one or more large, painful, red cysts under the surface of your skin. Your doctor or dermatologist can help you figure out what type of acne you have.

Lifestyle remedies

Many people with mild acne or pimples can manage their condition with lifestyle changes. Oil is a major cause of acne, so keeping your face clean and your hair away from it is important, especially if your hair tends to be greasy. Oils from your hair and face also build up on your bedding. Changing your pillowcase daily or weekly can help prevent this build-up.

Wash your face two to three times per day with lukewarm water and a gentle cleanser that’s not abrasive. Don’t scrub your skin too hard. This can aggravate your skin even more. Also, try not to use skin care products that can be irritating, such as scented lotions or oil-based makeup. Choose moisturizers and sunscreens that are labeled “noncomedogenic.” This means that the product won’t clog your pores.

These adjustments can go a long way in helping you resolve mild acne. If you need something a little stronger, your doctor may suggest you also use topical or oral medication.

Topical medications

Topical medications are lotions, gels and creams that you apply to your skin. You typically apply a thin coat on your skin in the morning and before bedtime after washing your face. Some are available over the counter, and others require a prescription.

OTC acne products usually contain the active ingredient salicylic acid or benzoyl peroxide. These substances reduce the amount of oil your body produces. They also fight inflammation. These effects help treat existing blemishes and prevent new ones from forming.

Prescription topical medications can help when OTC products aren’t strong enough. These acne gels or creams may contain tretinoin (a retinoid drug that comes from vitamin A), a stronger version of benzoyl peroxide, or an antibiotic called clindamycin. These may do a better job of killing bacteria when your acne is moderate to severe.

Oral medications

Oral medications for acne are also called systemic treatments because they are absorbed throughout your entire body. They’re only available with a prescription from your doctor. These drugs are commonly used to treat moderate to severe acne that doesn’t respond to topical agents. The three types of systemic drugs used to treat acne include:

Antibiotics

Your doctor may prescribe a daily antibiotic pill, such as tetracycline. It can help fight bacteria and infection from the inside out. Antibiotics are commonly used with topical medication when gels and creams alone don’t improve your condition.

Birth control pills

Regulating hormone levels can help improve acne for some women. However, you should not use birth control pills during pregnancy. If you’re pregnant, ask your doctor what you can do to banish breakouts.

Isotretinoin

Isotretinoin is a strong drug in the retinoid family. It reduces the size of oil glands so that they make less oil. It also helps regulate skin cell turnover so that the cells don’t block the release of bacteria and excess oil from your pores. Isotretinoin is mostly reserved for people with severe cystic acne. Your doctor may prescribe it when other acne drugs haven’t worked. However, the side effects can be severe, so it isn’t for everyone.

Procedures to treat acne

Though not prescribed as commonly as medication, a few medical procedures may be used to treat severe acne. These procedures can all typically be performed in your doctor’s office. They may be painful and in some cases cause scarring. Health insurance plans don’t always cover them, either. You should confirm that your health insurance will cover these procedures before you schedule them.

Drainage and extraction

During drainage and extraction, your doctor manually drains large cysts that form under your skin. They remove fluids, dirt, pus, and dead skin inside the cyst to reduce infection and pain. Your doctor may inject antibiotics or a steroid into the cyst to speed healing and reduce the risk of scarring.

Laser therapy

Laser therapy may also help improve acne infection. Laser light helps reduce the amount of bacteria on your skin that causes acne.

Chemical peels and microdermabrasion

Chemical peels and microdermabrasion remove the top layer of your skin. In the process, whiteheads and blackheads are also removed.

Acne treatments during pregnancy

Almost everyone experiences acne at one time or another. It’s most common among teenagers. However, adults can have a breakout now and then, especially during pregnancy. But pregnant women with acne may not have all of the same treatment options as others.

Most of the medications used to treat acne in teens and adults are not safe to use during pregnancy, or the safety of the drug isn’t known.

Topical retinoids are category C drugs. This means that animal studies have shown that they’re harmful to a developing fetus if given in large amounts. Check with your doctor before using tretinoin.

Isotretinoin and tetracycline can harm a fetus. Isotretinoin has been linked with birth defects, and tetracycline can discolor your baby’s teeth. Do not use either of them during pregnancy.

The acne products that are safe to use during pregnancy are the ones that use benzoyl peroxide.

Side effects

Side effects of acne treatments vary depending on the method you choose and the strength of the medication.

For topical acne drugs, the most common side effects are skin dryness and irritation. Fortunately, these symptoms are temporary. They often improve as your body gets used to the medication. If your skin itches, burns, or peels heavily, tell your doctor.

The potential side effects for oral medications can be more serious. Antibiotics can give you an upset stomach or make you dizzy and lightheaded. If you’re also taking birth control pills, use a back-up birth control method. Some antibiotics reduce how well birth control pills protect you from pregnancy.

If you’re using birth control pills to manage your acne, be aware that side effects of oral contraceptives include an increased risk of blood clots and high blood pressure.

Oral isotretinoin can cause severe side effects, especially if you become pregnant while taking it. Severe birth defects have been reported in babies whose mothers took isotretinoin during pregnancy. The medication can also increase the risk of depression and suicidal thoughts and affect your cholesterol levels and liver function.

Talk to your doctor

Acne is a very treatable condition. When basic lifestyle changes don’t seem to do the trick, try the least invasive treatment, OTC products. If you need something stronger, schedule an appointment with your doctor. They will assess your acne and suggest next steps for treatment. Advanced medical research is finding new ways to fight infection.

DERMA 2018

Anti-Acne Diet

By Derma 2018

What it is | What causes it | How diet affects the skin | Foods to help your skin | Studies | Bottom line

What is acne?

Acne is a skin problem that can cause several types of bumps to form on the surface of the skin. These bumps can form anywhere on the body but are most common on the:

• ·         face
• ·         neck
• ·         back
• ·         shoulders

Acne is often triggered by hormonal changes in the body, so it’s most common in older children and teenagers going through puberty.

Acne will slowly go away without treatment, but sometimes when some starts to go away, more appears. Serious cases of acne are rarely harmful, but can cause emotional distress and can scar the skin. Depending on its severity, you may choose no treatment, over-the-counter treatment, or prescription acne medications to deal with your acne.

What causes acne?

To understand how acne is caused, it can help to understand more about the skin: The skin’s surface is covered in small holes that connect to oil glands, or sebaceous glands, beneath the skin. These holes are called pores. The oil glands produce an oily liquid called sebum. Your oil glands send sebum up to the skin’s surface through a thin channel called a follicle.

The oil gets rid of dead skin cells by carrying them through the follicle up to the surface of the skin. A thin piece of hair also grows up through the follicle. Acne occurs when the skin’s pores clog up with dead skin cells, excess oil, and sometimes bacteria. During puberty, hormones often cause oil glands to produce excess oil, which increases acne risks.

There are three main types of acne:

• ·         A whitehead is a pore that gets clogged and closes but sticks out of the skin. These appear as hard, whitish bumps.
• ·         A blackhead is a pore that gets clogged but stays open. These appear as tiny dark spots on the skin’s surface.
• ·         A pimple is a pore whose walls open, allowing oil, bacteria, and dead skin cells to get under the skin. These appear as red bumps that sometimes have a pus-filled white top (the body’s reaction to the bacteria).

Share your views what causes Acne…..

How does diet affect the skin?

One thing that can affect your skin is diet. Certain foods raise your blood sugar more quickly than others. When your blood sugar rises quickly, it causes the body to release a hormone called insulin. Having excess insulin in your blood can cause your oil glands to produce more oil, increasing your risks of acne.

Some foods that trigger spikes in insulin include:

• ·         pasta
• ·         white rice
• ·         white bread
• ·         sugar

Because of their insulin-producing effects, these are considered “high-glycemic” carbohydrates. That means they’re made of simple sugars. Chocolate is also believed to worsen acne, but doesn’t seem to affect all people, according to a study published in the Journal of Clinical and Aesthetic Dermatology.

Other researchers have studied the connections between a so-called “Western diet” or “standard American diet” and acne. This kind of diet is based heavily on:

• ·         high-glycemic carbohydrates
• ·         dairy
• ·         saturated fats
• ·         trans fats

According to research reported in the Journal of Clinical, Cosmetic and Investigational Dermatology, these kinds of foods stimulate the production of hormones that can cause excess oil to be created and secreted by oil glands. They’ve also found that a Western diet is linked to greater inflammation, which can also contribute to acne problems.

What foods are believed to help your skin?

Eating low-glycemic foods made of complex carbohydrates may reduce your risk of developing acne. Complex carbohydrates are found in the following foods:

• ·         whole grains
• ·         legumes
• ·         unprocessed fruits and vegetables

Foods containing the following ingredients are also thought to be beneficial for the skin because they reduce inflammation:

• ·         the mineral zinc
• ·         vitamin A and E
• ·         chemicals called antioxidants

Some skin-friendly food choices include:

• ·         yellow and orange fruits and vegetables such as carrots, apricots, and sweet potatoes
• ·         spinach and other dark green and leafy vegetables
• ·         tomatoes
• ·         blueberries
• ·         whole-wheat bread
• ·         brown rice
• ·         quinoa
• ·         turkey
• ·         pumpkin seeds
• ·         beans, peas, and lentils
• ·         salmon, mackerel, and other kinds of fatty fish
• ·         nuts

Everyone’s body is different, and some people find that they get more acne when they eat certain foods. Under your doctor’s supervision, it can be helpful to experiment with your diet to see what works best for you. Always take into account any food allergies or sensitivities you may have when planning your diet.

Do any studies show that these foods help your skin?

Low-glycemic diets

Several recent studies suggest that following a low-glycemic diet, or one that is low in simple sugars, can prevent and improve acne. Researchers in one study of Korean patients found that following a low-glycemic load for 10 weeks can lead to significant improvements in acne. In another study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology, researchers found that following a low-glycemic, high-protein diet for 12 weeks improved acne in men, and also led to weight loss.

Zinc

Studies also suggest that eating foods rich in zinc may be useful in preventing and treating acne. Foods that are rich in zinc include:

• ·         pumpkin seeds
• ·         cashews
• ·         beef
• ·         turkey
• ·         quinoa
• ·         lentils
• ·         seafood such as oysters and crab

In one study published in the BioMed Research International Journal, researchers looked at the relationship between the levels of zinc in the blood and acne severity. Zinc is a dietary mineral important in skin development as well as regulating metabolism and hormone levels. The researchers found that low levels of zinc were linked to more severe cases of acne. They suggest increasing the amount of zinc in the diet to 40 mg of zinc per day to treat people with severe cases of acne. Studies suggest that same amount of zinc even for people without acne.

Vitamins A and E

In a study published in the Journal of Cutaneous and Ocular Toxicology, researchers found that low levels of vitamins A and E also seem to be linked to severe cases of acne. They suggest that people with acne may be able to lessen the severity of their acne by increasing their intake of foods containing these vitamins. Talk to your doctor before taking vitamin A supplements. Vitamin A toxicity can cause permanent damage to your major organs.

Antioxidants and omega-3 fatty acids

Omega-3s are a type of fat found in certain plants and animal-protein sources, such as fish and eggs. Antioxidants are chemicals that neutralize damaging toxins in the body. Together, omega-3s and antioxidants are thought to reduce inflammation.

Studies largely support the connection between an increase in consumption of omega-3s and Antioxidants and a decrease in acne. A study published in the Lipids in Health and Disease found that people who took a daily omega-3 and antioxidant supplement were able to both reduce their acne and improve their mental health. Since acne often causes emotional distress, omega-3 and antioxidant consumption may be very beneficial for people with the condition.

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Derma 2018 at Auckland, New Zealand

Baldness: How close are we to a cure?

By Derma 2018 

      

Hair loss is an acknowledged piece of the maturing procedure for a few, and a wellspring of trouble for others. Male pattern baldness influences a great many people, yet in spite of many years of research, a fix is as yet not accessible. Exactly how close would we say we are to finding an enchantment projectile for hair sparseness? Therapeutic News Today investigate the proof.

Studies examining hair loss are based on decades of research. Could a cure for baldness be just around the corner?

Androgenetic alopecia - which is more commonly known as male pattern baldness and female pattern baldness - is the most common type of hair loss, affecting around 30 million women and 50 million men.

In men, male pattern baldness starts above the two sanctuaries and subsides after some time to frame a "M" shape. Hair additionally has a tendency to thin at the crown and may advance to incomplete or finish hairlessness. In ladies, the hairline does not subside and once in a while brings about aggregate hairlessness, but rather the hair does generally end up more slender everywhere throughout the head.

Male example sparseness is inherited and might be connected to male sex hormones. Male pattern baldness can begin as right on time as amid youth. It influences 66% of men by age 35, and around 85 percent of men by the age of 50.

The reasons for female example hair sparseness are hazy. Nonetheless, male pattern baldness happens most every now and again in ladies after menopause, which shows that the condition might be related with diminishing female hormones.

With androgenetic alopecia influencing such a significant number of individuals, a changeless fix would not just reduce uneasiness for a critical level of the populace, yet it would likewise demonstrate monetarily favorable to the pharmaceutical organization in charge of the disclosure.

Stages of hair growth, miniaturization

Hair is comprised of the hair follicle (a pocket in the skin that stays every hair) and the pole (the noticeable fiber over the scalp). In the hair globule, situated at the base of the follicle, cells separation and develop to create the hair shaft, which is produced using a protein called keratin. Papilla that encompass the knob contain minor veins that sustain the hair follicles and convey hormones to manage the development and structure of the hair.

Hair development happens in cycles. A hair follicle produces hair for a couple of years and after that goes into rest mode for quite a long while.

Hair follicles, much like all cells, have cycles. A characteristic piece of the cycle includes shedding around 50 to 100 hairs for each day.

Every follicle produces hair for 2 to 6 years and after that enjoys a reprieve for a while. While the hair follicle is in its rest stage, the hair drops out. There are around 100,000 follicles on the scalp, but since every follicle rests at an alternate time and others deliver hairs, male pattern baldness is generally unnoticeable. More observable male pattern baldness happens when there is an interruption to the development and shedding cycle, or if the hair follicle is pulverized and supplanted with scar tissue.

Researchers presently comprehend that example hair loss happens through a marvel known as scaling down. Some hair follicles give off an impression of being hereditarily oversensitive to the activities of dihydrotestosterone (DHT), which is a hormone that is changed over from testosterone with the assistance of a compound held in the follicle's oil organs.

DHT ties to receptors in the hair follicles and therapists them, making them logically littler. After some time, the follicles create more slender hairs, and they develop for a shorter time than typical. Inevitably, the follicle never again creates hair, leaving the zone uncovered.

Existing hair loss treatments

Currently, there are few available treatment options to halt or reverse miniaturization. Most hair loss treatments only manage hair loss, rather than being a permanent solution.

Transplanted hair

Hair transplants are one of the most permanent fixes for hair loss. However, as with all current treatments, it has its limitations.

The only two drugs approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) to treat hair loss are minoxidil (Rogaine) and finasteride (Propecia)

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